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Manual Oracle Database

Instance Identifier (SID)

Decide a unique Oracle System Identifier (SID) for your instance and set the ORACLE_SID environment variable accordingly. This identifier is used to avoid confusion with other Oracle instances that you may create later and run concurrently on your system.

The following example sets the SID for the instance and database we are about to create:

$ export ORACLE_SID=parthi

The value of the DB_NAME initialization parameter should match the SID setting.

NOTE: SID can be up to 8 characters only.

Database Administrator Authentication Method

You must be authenticated and granted appropriate system privileges in order to create a database. You can use the password file or operating system authentication method.

Initialization Parameter file (PFILE)

The instance (System Global Area and background processes) for any Oracle database is started using an initialization parameter file. One way of getting started on your initialization parameter file is to edit a copy of the sample initialization parameter file that Oracle provides on the distribution media

For easiness of operation, store your initialization parameter file in Oracle's default location, using the default name. That way, when you start your database, it is not necessary to specify the PFILE parameter with STARTUP command because Oracle automatically looks in the default location for the initialization parameter file and starts database.

Default parameter file locations are shown in the following table:

The following is the initialization parameter file used to create the test database.

Alternatively you can see all current parameters by issuing command in SQLPLUS

Show parameter

Sample Initialization Parameter File

# Cache and I/O
DB_BLOCK_SIZE=8192
DB_CACHE_SIZE=20971520

# Cursors and Library Cache
CURSOR_SHARING=SIMILAR
OPEN_CURSORS=300

# Diagnostics and Statistics
BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST=/home/oracle/admin/parthi/bdump
CORE_DUMP_DEST=/home/oracle/admin/parthi/cdump
TIMED_STATISTICS=TRUE
USER_DUMP_DEST=/home/oracle/adminparthi/udump

# Control File Configuration
CONTROL_FILES= ("/home/oracle/oradata/parthi/control01.ctl",
               "/home/oracle/oradata/parthi/control02.ctl",
               "/home/oracle/oradata/parthi/control03.ctl")

# Archive
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/oradata/parthi/archive'
LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s.dbf
LOG_ARCHIVE_START=TRUE

# Miscellaneous
COMPATIBLE=9.2.0
DB_NAME=parthi

# Distributed, Replication and Snapshot
DB_DOMAIN=mit
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE

# Network Registration
INSTANCE_NAME=parthi

# Pools
JAVA_POOL_SIZE=31457280
LARGE_POOL_SIZE=1048576
SHARED_POOL_SIZE=52428800

# Processes and Sessions
PROCESSES=300

# Redo Log and Recovery
FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET=300

# Sort, Hash Joins, Bitmap Indexes
SORT_AREA_SIZE=524288

# Automatic Undo Management
UNDO_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
UNDO_TABLESPACE=undotbs