Operations Management

Productivity, quality and process will build a nation in competitive position. Operations management studies the issues on process, quality and productivity. Every management student should know these salient features of a firm. The role of operation system gives idea on profitability and competitiveness. The subject assumes importance in manufacturing and service sectors. Operations planning give an idea on operations management. Productive system transforms resource input to useful goods as output. Operations are organized into appropriate sequences to produce larger system of production. The resource inputs take different forms in manufacturing. They are:

• Raw materials
• Energy
• Labor
• Facilities and
• Information

There are four dimensions of competitiveness that quantify operations functions:

• Cost
• Quality
• Dependence on supplier
• Service

Price is competitive aspect in marketing and profitability arrives from it. Cost is the factor for lower price. Operations function is able to produce goods at low cost. The effects of location, product design, machine use and inventory contribute to effective costing. Unit costs are reduced by effective production. This is possible by improved production, product design, and inventory and lay out. The quality is the most important aspect in operations management. Supplier relation ensures flexibility in supply in making on time delivery of goods. The ability to be flexible depends on the design of productive system. Competitor could offer flexibility as the method of competing. This is important for production.

Operations strategy is a process for a firm to compete in a market. The strategy is based on external and internal factors. Functional areas of management like marketing, finance, production and distribution are important in operations function. The components of total material flow must develop a competitive strategy. The operation strategy has important components namely employees, suppliers, capacity and technology. Business management student must understand operations planning and control and importance of operations management.

Performance measures of a productive system are important in the success of a firm. It is base for operation and corporate strategy. Design of service system will examine customer contact with the operation system. Planning activities include material requirement and inventory that are applicable to manufacturing. The design process starts with technology and goes with capacity planning, distribution and lay out. The operations planning and control and the system design of production and operations management come to develop in operation strategy implementation.

The students of management and practicing managers should understand the different aspects of operations management referred above and they will be given guidance on concepts, empirical work and assignments.

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