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Oracle Trace Alert File

Trace Files

A trace file is created each time an Oracle instance starts or an unexpected event occurs in a user process or background process. The name of the trace file includes the instance name, the process name, and the Oracle process number. The file extension or file type is usually TRC, and, if different, is noted in your operating system-specific Oracle documentation. The contents of the trace file may include dumps of the system global area, process global area, supervisor stack, and registers.Two initialization parameters are used to specify the location of the trace files.

The BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST initialization parameter specifies the location of trace files created by the Oracle background processes PMON, DBWR, LGWR, and SMON.

The USER_DUMP_DEST initialization parameter specifies the location of trace files created by user processes such as SQL*Loader or Pro*C.

The Alert file also describes the location of trace files generated when internal errors occur. See the next section for a description of the Alert file.

You may need to format the trace file before using it to diagnose problems. To format a trace file, use the DUMPFMT utility, which is available on most systems and is described in your operating system-specific Oracle documentation. Oracle Support Services may ask you for a formatted trace file to help solve a problem.

The Alert File

The Alert file is a log file that records information about internal errors and administrative activities, such as backups. When an internal error occurs, the message is sent to the terminal screen as well as written to the Alert file. Oracle also writes additional information about internal errors to the Alert file, such as the location and name of any trace files generated because of the error.

The name of the Alert file is operating system-specific. The location of the Alert file is the same as the location of the background process trace files. This location is specified by the BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST initialization parameter. For more information, see your Oracle operating system-specific documentation. If your system uses an operator’s console, some messages from Oracle may appear on the console. All important messages are written to the Alert file as well as the operator’s console. Because non-Oracle messages also appear on this console, the Alert file is a better record for tracing all Oracle administrative activity and errors than the console log. The Alert file also records information about administrative activities, such as backups and archiving online redo log files.