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Telescopes

The first telescope was invented by Jan Lippershey in 1608. In the year 1609, Galileo made a telescope to observe distant stars. He got the idea from a spectacle marker who one day observed that the distant weather cock appeared magnified through his lens system fitted in his shop. Galileo observed the satellites of Jupiter and the rings of Saturn through his telescope. Kepler invented the telescope in 1611 which was fundamentally similar to an astronomical telescope. Refracting telescopes were improved by the invention of the achromatic doublet objective by James Gregory in 1733.

Reflecting telescope was invented by James Gregory. Newton also designed a reflecting telescope because of the difficulty in manufacturing lenses free from chromatic aberration. He was of the opinion that a mirror should be used as a objective in place of a lens because all colours are reflected in a similar manner. In large telescopes paraboloidal mirrors are used as objective. The largest mirror cm in diameter has been used in a telescope at Palomar Observatory in U.S.A.