Mode of Polymerisation
Depending upon the mode of synthesis, the polymers are classified as:
1. Addition polymers: when the monomer units are repeatedly added to form long chains without the elimination of any by-product molecules, the product formed is called addition polymer and the process involved is called addition polymerisation. The monomer units are unsaturated compounds and are usually the derivatives of alkenes. The molecular formula and hence the molecular mass of the addition polymer is an integral multiple of that of the monomer units. Some examples of addition polymerisation are:
2. Condensation polymers: in this type of polymers, the monomers react with the elimination of a simple molecules like H2O, ROH or NH3, etc. The reaction is called condensation and the product formed is called condensation polymer.
As the process involves the elimination of by-product is not the integral multiple of the monomer units. For example, nylon-66 is a condensation polymer of hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid.
Some other examples of condensation polymers are:
Dacron (polyester): A polymer of ethylene glycol and terephalic acid.
Bakelite: A polymer of phenol and formaldehyde.
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