Preparation of Polyhallolefins
These types of polymers are derived from halogen substituted olefins, i.e. haloalkenes. Some common examples are:
1. Teflon or Poly Tetrafluoro Ethylene (PTFE): the monomer unit is Tetrafluoro-ethylene molecules. It is prepared by heating tetrafluoroethylene under pressure in the presence of ammonium peroxo-sulphate [(NH4)S2O8].
Characteristics and uses: It is a very tough material and is resistant towards heat, action of acids or bases. It is bad conductor of electricity. It is used in: making seals and gaskets which can withstand high pressures, insulations for high frequency electrical installations.
2. Poly Monochloro Trifluoro Ethylene (PCTFE): The monomer units are Chloro-trifluoro ethylene molecules. It is prepared by the polymerization of monochlorotrifluoro ethylene.
The properties of PCTFE are similar to Teflon. However, this is relatively less resistance to heat and chemicals.
3. Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC): The monomer units are vinyl chloride molecules. It is prepared by heating vinyl chloride in an inert solvent in the presence of dibenzoyl peroxide.
Characteristics and uses: PVC is a hard horny material. However, it can be made to acquire any degree of pliability by the addition of a plasticizer. It is resistant to chemicals as well as heat. It is used for making: rain coats, hand bags, toys, hosepipes, gramophone, records, electrical insulations and floor covering.
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